تأثیر مایه‌زنی باکتری محرک رشد Bacillus simplex بر برخی ویژگیهای رشدی گیاه فلفل (Capsicum annuum L.) در شرایط مختلف رطوبتی

چکیده

     باسیلوس­های محرک رشد با قابلیت تولید پلی­ساکاریدهای برون سلولی می­توانند نقش مهمی را در القای مقاومت به تنش کم­آبی به عنوان شایعترین تنش محیطی در گیاهان ایفا نمایند. برای بررسی این موضوع آزمایشی گلدانی بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با مایه‌زنی بذور فلفل قرمز با باکتری محرک رشد باسیلوس سیمپلکس با قابلیت تولید پلی­ساکاریدهای خارج سلولی در سه سطح رطوبتی شامل 80، 60 و 40 درصد گنجایش مزرعه­ای در گلخانه انجام شد. بر اساس نتایج به­دست آمده هر چند تنش خشکی منجر به کاهش وزن خشک گیاه شد، اما  مایه­زنی باکتری باعث افزایش وزن خشک گیاهچه­های فلفل به میزان 27% و 46% در شرایط تنش متوسط و تنش شدید آبی نسبت به شرایط شاهد هر تیمار آبی شد. سطح برگ به میزان 12% و 29% به ترتیب در شرایط تنش متوسط و تنش شدید آبی در اثر مایه­زنی افزایش یافت. مایه­زنی باکتریایی در سطوح آبی مطلوب و تنش متوسط به ترتیب باعث افزایش 37% و 42% وزن خشک ریشه در مقایسه با شرایط بدون مایه­زنی گردید ولی وزن تر ریشه فقط در تنش شدید آبی با مایه­زنی باکتری 28%  کاهش یافت. همبستگی مثبت و معنی­داری بین صفات وزن خشک ریشه (86/0) ، وزن تر ریشه (86/0)، حجم ریشه (90/0)، طول ریشه (91/)0 ، تراکم سطح ریشه (91/0 )، چگالی بافت ریشه ( 60/0 ) و سطح ریشه ( 91/0) با  عملکرد ماده خشک کل فلفل و همبستگی منفی بین قطر ریشه ( 61/0-) با عملکرد ماده خشک کل فلفل وجود داشت. تمامی صفات ریشه­ای مذکور تحت تاثیر مایه­زنی باکتریایی در سطوح مختلف رطوبتی قرار گرفتند. بنابر این به نظر می­رسد مایه زنی باسیلوسهای محرک رشد با قابلیت ترشح پلیمرهای خارج سلولی می­توانند در روند بهبود رشد در شرایط تنش رطوبتی در گیاه فلفل موثر باشند.

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